Line 8 - "Then seek the meaning of the Staff of Tiresias the relic of Hermes. For through its power it transmuted that which it touched beyond the value of gold."

This line refers to image #5, of the staff between the snakes, as it refers to the myth of Tiresias placing a staff between two copulating snakes (or hitting them with a staff) and turning into a woman.   This myth, to me, speaks of the two strains of mind or consciousness in the human design:  One male (Solar) and one female (Lunar).  Solar mind is of reason and intellect and Lunar mind is of the subconscious realm.  So the myth seems to be saying that Tiresias was able to master both.  

The myth also describes what the Caduceus of Hermes looks like.  

"For through its power it transmuted that which it touched beyond the value of gold.":
This refers to the Golden Mean.  This idea is actually supported by the PDFs on the solution, which were released upon the demise of the puzzle.  I'll address how the Golden Mean applies to image #5 in the image section.